Lesson 5: Getting Around
Expressions
| Where? | ||
|---|---|---|
| Where is this? | Koko wa doko desuka? | |
| Where is the station? | Eki wa doko desuka? | |
| To where do you go? | Doko e iki masuka? | |
| From where does the bus depart? | Basu wa doko kara shuppatsu shimasuka? | |
doko: where? koko: here eki: train station basu: bus _ e: to _ _ kara: from _ shuppatsu suru: to depart <shuppatsu (departure) + suru (to do)> |
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Basic Rules koko (here), soko (there) and asoko (over there) refer the place. Verbs have different forms with different endings. Basic form is called jisho-kei (dictionary form). The basic form ends with the u-column syllables (u, ku, su, tsu, nu, mu, ru). |
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| Directions | ||
|---|---|---|
| You turn right at the 3rd crossing. | Mittsu-me no kōsaten o migi e magari masu. | |
| Go straight this way about 50m. | Kono michi o gojū-mētoru kurai massugu iki masu. | |
| Turn left at the T-junction. | Tsukiatari o hidari e magari masu. | |
| It is on the right-hand side of the street. | Dōro no migi gawa ni ari masu. | |
mittsu-me: 3rd kōsaten: crossing michi: way, street dōro: road tsukiatari: far end (of the street) migi: right / hidari: left _ gawa: _ side / hantai gawa: opposite side massugu: straight magaru: to turn mētoru: meters / kiro: kilo meters |
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Basic Rules Ordinal number (1st, 2nd, 3rd) = cardinal number (1, 2, 3) + banme In daily conversation, 1st to 9th are often spoken in different ways. |
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| 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th | hitotsu-me, futatsu-me, mittsu-me, yottsu-me, itsutsu-me, muttsu-me, nanatsu-me, yattsu-me, kokonotsu-me | |
| Destination | ||
|---|---|---|
| Is this bound for Shinjuku? | Kore wa Shinjuku iki desuka? | |
| What time is the next one to Tokyo? | Tsugi no Tōkyō iki wa nan-ji desuka? | |
| Which platform is the train to Osaka? | Ōsaka iki wa nan-bansen desuka? | |
| From Tokyo to London is full | Tōkyō hatsu Rondon iki wa manseki desu. | |
_hatsu: from_ / _iki: to_ (bound for_) Shinjuku: one of the largest station in Tōkyō Ōsaka: 2nd largest city in Japan _bansen: platform number_ manseki: full, fully occupied |
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| at _ | ||
|---|---|---|
| Does this bus stop at Shibuya? | Kono basu wa Shibuya de tomari masuka? | |
| Express train does not stop at that station. | Kyūkō wa sono eki de tomari masen. |
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| Change to yamanote-line at Tokyo station. | Tōkyō eki de Yamanotesen e norikae masu. | |
| At where do I change? | Doko de norikae desuka? | |
_de: at_ (place) Shibuya: one of the most popular downtown in Tōkyō kyūkō: express Yamanotesen: Yamanote line (train in Tokyo) tomaru: to stop norikaeru: to change, to transfer, to connect norikae: transfer |
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| by _ | ||
|---|---|---|
| How long does it take on foot? | Aruki de donokurai kakari masuka? | |
| About 15 minutes by bus. | Basu de jūgo-fun kurai desu. | |
| How long did it took by train? | Densha de nan-jikan kakari mashitaka? | |
| Is it near? / Is it far? | Chikai desuka? / Tōi desuka? | |
_de: by_ (means) aruki: on foot, walking densha: train chikai: near, close / tōi: far |
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Basic Rules Particles de (place) and de (means) are pronounced the same way, but the function of these is entirely different. |
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| want to _ | ||
|---|---|---|
| I want to go to Mt. Fuji. | Fujisan e iki taidesu. | |
| I want to get on the 8 o'clock bus. | Hachi-ji no basu ni nori taidesu. | |
| I want to send a package at the post office. | Yūbinkyoku de nimotsu o okuri taidesu. | |
| What do you want to eat? | Nani o tabe taidesuka? | |
_tai: want to_ Fujisan: highest mountain in Japan yūbinkyoku: post office nimotsu: package, baggage noru: to get on, to ride okuru: to send taberu: to eat |
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Basic Rules want to_: Affirmative: _taidesu (present) / _takattadesu (past) Negative: _takuarimasen (present) / _takuarimasendeshita (past) Question: _taidesuka? (present) / _takattadesuka? (past) Examples: tabe taidesu (want to eat), tabe takuarimasen (don't want to eat), tabe takattadesuka? (Did you want to eat?), tabe takuarimasendeshita (didn't want to eat) |
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| want to do_ | ||
|---|---|---|
| I want to exchange money at the bank. | Ginkō de ryōgae o shitai desu. | |
| I want to make a phone call to overseas. | Kaigai ni denwa o shitai desu. | |
| Do you want to do shopping in Akihabara? | Akihabara de kaimono o shitai desuka? | |
| What do you want to do? | Nani o shitai desuka? | |
_o shitai: want to do_ ryōgae: money exchange denwa: phone call kaimono: shopping ginkō: bank kaigai: overseas Akihabara: popular shopping area for electric appliances (Tokyo) |
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Basic Rules want to do: Affirmative: shi taidesu (present) / shi takattadesu (past) Negative: shi takuarimasen (present) / shi takuarimasendeshita (past) Question: shi taidesuka? (present) / shi takattadesuka? (past) Examples: kaimono o shi taidesu (want to do shopping), kaimono o shi takuarimasen (don't want to do shopping), kaimono o shi takattadesuka? (Did you want to do shopping?) |
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| _ please. | ||
|---|---|---|
| Reserved seat please. | Shitei seki o onegaishimasu. | |
| To Hakata at 2 o'clock please. | Ni-ji no Hakata iki o onegaishimasu. | |
| Return ticket please. | Ōfuku kippu o onegaishimasu. | |
| To Kyoto station please. | Kyōto eki made onegaishimasu. | |
onegaishimasu: please shitei seki: reserved seat / jiyū seki: nonreserved seat ōfuku kippu: return ticket / katamichi kippu: one-way ticket Hakata: one of the largest station in Kyūshū Kyōto: ancient capital city, popular tourist destination |
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| Please _. | ||
|---|---|---|
| Please stop here. | Koko de tome te kudasai. |
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| Please get off at Shibuya station. | Shibuya eki de ori te kudasai. | |
| Please change to the bullet train. | Shinkansen e norikae te kudasai. |
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| Please cancel the reservation. | Yoyaku o kyanseru shi te kudasai. | |
...te (tte) kudasai: Please _. tomeru: to stop oriru: to get off norikaeru: to change, to transfer shinkansen: bullet train yoyaku: reservation, booking kyanseru: cancel |
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Basic Rules _ please: verb + te (tte) + kudasai Examples: tabe te kudasai (Please eat), i tte kudasai (Please go), no tte kudasai (Please get on) |
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| Can you (please)_? | ||
|---|---|---|
| Can you write here? | Koko ni kaite morae masuka? | |
| Can you take a photo? | Shashin o totte morae masuka? | |
| Can you tell the address? | Jūsho o oshiete morae masuka? | |
| Can you do the cleaning? | Sōji o shite morae masuka? | |
_te (tte) morae masuka?: Can you (please)_? kaku: to write toru: to take oshieru: to tell, to teach shasin: photo jūsho: address sōji: cleaning |
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Basic Rules Can you (please)_?: verb + te (tte) + morae masuka? Examples: tome te morae masuka? (Can you stop?), i tte morae masuka? (Can you go?), ka tte morae masuka? (Can you buy?) |
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